Primal Play for writers - ending blocks and finding flow
When I work with writers, I help them…
Play their way deeper into their story or their nonfiction.
There are famous authors who tell us that writing is difficult, always difficult, even torture some of them say. And they say it doesn’t ever get easier.
I call this catastrophizing. And I understand where it comes from because…
I know what it’s like to struggle with my writing. I did that for years, wanting so badly to write beautifully but turning out mediocre, lifeless paragraphs.
I know what it’s like to rush to the computer first thing in the morning to revel in what I had written the day before only to realize it was crap.
I know what it’s like to spend years in a relationship of despair with my writing.
I know what it’s like to have my writing break my heart.
I figured this was just how it had to be. After all there were those literary stars preaching the gospel of struggle and suffering.
Except there were moments when I wrote a short, tiny thing that…
Made my heart sing.
And I asked myself…
What if I could have more of that?
I found a book by Mason Currey called Daily Rituals: How artists work. It’s a collection of short essays about how 161 writers and artists do their work. I discovered that the great majority of the writers struggled with their writing. So, okay, I was in the majority.
But then there were the happy few who sailed through their days in love with writing. And I wanted to be one of them. I really, really wanted that.
For a long time, I thought that if I developed my craft, my relationship with my writing would get better on its own.
So I bought books and read them and re-read them. And I watched a ridiculous number of videos on YouTube. All of which helped me with craft, but didn’t help me much with my relationship problem.
And I noticed that the great majority of books and videos about writing focus on craft. And even what I found on relationships mostly didn’t go deep enough for me. I guess I was a hard case.
I decided that I needed to take my creative energies, which I was focusing entirely on getting words on the page, the result, and put them into my relationship with my writing instead, the process.
And in the course of doing that, I developed something that began to work for me in a good way. And it’s something I’m still developing, and I call it…
Primal Play.
But I don’t use caps, because that makes it sound like a brand, and it’s not. It’s not something proprietary. I don’t own it, but I do love it.
And now one thing I know for sure is that…
You don’t have to let your writing hurt you.
You can develop a relationship with your writing that is nurturing.
At least, that’s how it is for me.
Deep writing will always take hard work. There’s no way around that. But it doesn’t have to be a struggle. And hard work that actually works is invigorating.
What I love about primal play is that it’s a partnership of…
Serious work and serious play.
Where each feeds the other.
And I do mean serious.
I remember reading again and again about the fear of failure and the fear of success. But those weren’t my problems. My problem was…
The fear of me.
If you want to make your writing richer, more surprising, more compelling, more personal, more distinctively yours, then you have to go deeper in…
Into yourself.
But seeing ourselves as we really are is one of the very hardest things for us humans to do. It’s hard to face the true dimensions of our childhood pain. It’s hard to look at the consequences that pain has for us in our adult lives. It’s hard to look into the dark parts of the human psyche, especially our own.
But when we do, when we go deeper in, that means…
We’ll have much more to give our readers.
Because there will be more to us.
I love reading stories about kids in play therapy. I’m not talking about the kind of therapy that stays mostly on the surface. What inspires me is deep play therapy, the kind where the therapist uses play to help kids deal with the trauma of abuse and neglect and the daily struggles of living in a dysfunctional family.
I call this…
Primal-play therapy.
I’m thankful for it because you can use it in the daily practice of writing. You can use it to develop and deepen your relationship with your writing.
And this makes sense because…
Play is the superpower of human development.
It’s what kids use to learn skills, like social skills and how to make friendships work, and how to fit into their family and community. And…
How to be a person.
Especially…
How to be their own person.
How many times have you heard the advice to go back into childhood and reclaim the power of play? And that’s useful advice. Unless you were a child who didn’t get to play, by which I mean you didn’t get to do the serious developmental play you needed to do. And if that’s you, then you’re starting pretty much from scratch.
But here’s the thing, if you’ve done your growing up work, if you’ve achieved personal, emotional, and moral maturity, you can make play much more powerful than it is for children even under the best of circumstances.
We humans, since we’re developmental creatures, have the power to…
Upgrade play.
And to use it for the most serious work we need to do in our lives. For example, upgrading our relationship with our writing…
If you care deeply about writing, if it’s your art, if it’s how you express yourself best, if you spend hours at it, if it’s a core part of your identity, if you can’t do without it, then you deserve to have a happy relationship with it.
You deserve to heal whatever needs to be healed. And…
Healing makes for a hell of a good story.
On this page I want to give you a feel for primal play, so you can decide if it’s is something you want to add into your relationship with your writing, or not.
And…
Please don’t turn primal play into a should.
It’s not some new program you have to put yourself on. It’s not something you have to force yourself to do. I’m very enthusiastic about primal play, but I’m not evangelizing.
And there are days when I’m just not in the mood and that’s okay. On those days I let it go. Remember it’s a gift, it’s a blessing, it’s play.
And…
Please don’t take anything I say here as a prescription.
I’d much rather you think of my ideas as provocations. And use them to provoke your own discovering and developing so you can make primal play really your own.
I spent 20 years coaching nonprofit leaders on their toughest issues. Some of my favorite moments happened when we broke the spell of seriousness and switched into play mode, like this…
Ginny was at her wits end with Brad, the first director of her agency’s newest program. She called him a “puzzling pain in the butt.”
She had hired him into a great job, so why was he giving her attitude instead of gratitude? She had tried different communication techniques with him to no avail. Argghhh!
In our coaching session, I said, “I’ll be you and you be Brad and let’s see what happens. Let’s not solve anything, let’s just play.”
In a flash, she dropped her super-responsible leader persona. She got into the character of a puzzling pain in the butt. And she was good at it. She said whatever popped into her mind.
We got goofy and then goofier and in the middle of her laughter, Ginny suddenly stopped and said in a calm voice, “Oh, I get it. I bet Brad’s in over his head with this program and he’s scared and taking out on me. I bet he doesn’t even know he’s scared.
“It’s suddenly so obvious. I can look back and see so many clues over the past few weeks. I’ve been too mad at him to empathize with him, so I couldn’t really see him.
“Now I know what I need to do. Now I can be his ally instead of struggling with him. And I know I’ll like myself a lot better this way.”
It turned out she was right on all counts.
I’d call this an example of primal play, because Ginny was doing serious work using the power of play.
Not that play is right for every issue or situation. Sometimes you just have to do the hard work of problem solving.
But when play is right, then you get to do…
Problem dissolving.
Now let’s dive into primal play and have some fun.
Dialogue your way into surprises.
We’ll begin with fiction writing. Let’s say you’re unhappy with the way the lead character for your story is developing. You find yourself staring at your computer hour after hour tying to dredge up the answer you need. That’s not fun.
Instead you might try talking to your character, playing with her, provoking her, getting her to surprise you, reveal secrets, give you tips, and…
Do some of your writing work for you.
For example…
Writer: Hey, Alessandra, I’m stuck, would you help me out?
Alessandra: Well, first of all I don’t like this name you’ve given me. It’s too dramatic. Too dressy. Call me Emily instead, because it’s quiet and ordinary.
Writer: But your inner life is so intense, wild even, that I wanted to honor that.
Emily: But here’s the thing, the reader doesn’t know that about me in the beginning, so don’t give it away.
Writer: You mean add the element of surprise.
Emily: Yes that, but more. I want you to make a sharp contrast between my inner life and my outer life. My inner life rocks and rolls through highs and lows and even gets chaotic. But I feel deeply. And my thoughts go deep. And I wouldn’t give that up for anything. Still, it causes me trouble.
Writer: Trouble? Tell me.
Emily: Sometimes I scare myself. I can barely handle all the feelings that happen inside me on any given day. And I’m scared that if people really knew what was going on inside me, they’d run away.
Writer: So…
Emily: I live a very conventional outer life on purpose. I have an ordinary job and live in an ordinary apartment and I make sure that the way I dress doesn’t call attention to myself.
Writer: So I get what you’re saying about the contrast. But what about relationships?
Emily: Relationships are a challenge. From the first page, you’re starting to drop hints that this is a romance story and at the end I’ll get the guy and the marriage proposal.
Writer: Well, yes, it is a love story.
Emily: But I don’t want to be in that story, not the way you’re writing it.
Writer: What do you want?
Emily: What I want, what I need, is a friend who really gets me and wants to be with me in my inner wildness. Really wants to be with me.
Writer: How is it for you now as the story starts?
Emily: I don’t have that kind of friend. Not even one. I have lots of friends but with each one I only show them as much of me as I think they can handle. And I’m happy to have these friends, but still I feel this core loneliness.
Writer: So what do you want me to do?
Emily: Make the story about me finding one true friend. And as you write out the story, you’ll be showing me what I have to do to find her. And showing your readers.
Writer: But they’re expecting a love story. That’s my genre.
Emily: This is about love. And see, here’s the thing, if I can be deeply myself with one true friend, then maybe I find more such friends. And if I can do that then I’ll be so much better able to go after the guy I want in my life, and I can do that on my own. You can run that as a subplot.
But what’s really hurting me, what I really need help with, is breaking my special kind of isolation and loneliness. Settling into a conventional romantic relationship is not going to fix that.
So will you help me? Will you help me live the story I need to live?
Writer: Okay. I have to admit, this is more interesting, a friendship story instead of a romance story, but where a deeper kind of friendship makes a deeper kind of romance possible. Yes, okay, I like it. And if you’ll pardon me, I’m getting back to my keyboard.
This is just one example of myriad possibilities. You can play your way into dialogues. And I do mean play. Some of my clients have told me that being introverts, they don’t like to do role plays. And I get it.
But these dialogues are not role plays…
They’re not a performance, they’re play.
Usually in role plays there’s pressure to come up with the right answer, to be smart, to look good, and do so in the first go. When dialoguing, though, we’re not on stage, instead we’re going deeper in, and introverts are good at that.
In fact, not only do we not want to go for some kind of perfection…
We want our dialogues to get messy.
We want to run them three, four, five, six times, in different ways each time. They’re experiments. We want them to be a process of discovery. We don’t want to be control freaks, managing them carefully, keeping them within close boundaries….
We want to get surprised.
Some years ago, a good friend of mine, Michelle, and I ran workshops where we used dialoguing to help nonprofit leaders deal with difficult staff or Board members.We helped those leaders, especially the introverts, get into a play state, a play mood, a play frame of mind, and once they were there they were able to tear loose and have serious fun finding new ways to deal with the problem people in their life.
And there are different ways you can do these dialogues. Personally, I do lots of them solo. I turn on my digital recorder and walk around my apartment playing both roles, capturing everything. And since it’s only me who’s going to listen back over the dialogue, I don’t feel any pressure to perform.
But you might want to do these dialogues with a friend or writing partner. I’ve done lots of them with my coaching clients, and I find that sometimes it really helps to have someone else working with you in play mode to provoke discoveries you might not get to on your own.
Also, I find it helps to be physically in motion. That opens me up in a way that sitting frozen in front of my computer doesn’t.
There’s a whole world of ideas, desires, feelings, and stories down there in our subconscious…
Dialogues use the element of surprise to give us access.
Sometimes dialogues get complex and deep and go on for quite a while before delivering their breakthrough. But sometimes dialogues can produce a great result quickly. Here’s Andy the antagonist talking with Peter the protagonist…
Andy: Peter, I’m pissed at you!
Peter: No big surprise there, we’re adversaries in this story.
Andy: That’s not what I mean. You’re letting me down because you’re not much of an adversary. You’re being lukewarm about everything. Your big goal is not very big. Your core desire doesn’t go very deep.
Peter: So? It’s an easy-going story.
Andy: But that doesn’t work for me. If you’re a pushover, I don’t get to show off my best villain stuff. I want you to fight with me. Really fight. I want a worthy adversary.
Peter: Oh.
Andy: So what do you think? Do you want to get in the game? I mean the thing the writing teachers all say is that the hero has to want something really important and want it really badly and really fight for it. Otherwise readers get bored and drift away.
Peter: Yikes. I don’t want that. I don’t want to be the hero of a nothing story. We’ve got to have a serious talk with our author right now. We have to demand that he ramp me up so you can ramp up and so we can hook readers and thrill them and chill them and keep them with us right through to the end.
Andy: And then when they’re done, they’ll go tell their friends about us.
Peter: Now that’s something I want and want badly.
There are myriad dialogues you can have…
Between a character and yourself as author.
Between characters.
Between a character and the personification of the story.
Between an imagined reader and the story.
Between a bunch of characters in a group therapy session you’ve tossed them into.
The more imaginative and creative your dialogues, the more imaginative and creative your story will become. That’s not always true. But it’s true a lot of the time.
It’s typical for fiction writers to try to control their characters, pulling their strings as if they were marionettes. I heard one famous author say: “My characters are my slaves. I use them to illustrate my themes.”
Then she said there was only one exception, only one story where the character came to her first and the theme stayed in the background. That one had always been my favorite of her stories. And now I understood why.
Primal play is a way to give your characters a life of their own. Which means they will be more powerfully alive in the minds and hearts of your readers.
And what about backstory? There are writing teachers who will give you a long list of things you should know about your characters—age, gender, race, place of birth, height, weight, etc.
But other teachers recommend not doing that. Because if you pin everything down, that takes some of the mystery out of the character and it will preclude possibilities for surprise as you develop your story.
What they advise instead is to use stories to develop the back story for your characters. And notice this is a playful approach. Instead of collecting the cold facts of the character’s demographics, you get to use your creative powers to go deeper into your character’s emotional history.
You answer questions like these…
Who was her first love?
What was the most embarrassing moment in her high school years?
What did she hate about how she looked?
Who was her best friend? What did they do together?
How did she get along with her mom and dad?
Did she have a pet? And if so what was their relationship?
What was the best thing about her childhood?
What’s the secret she’s never told anyone, but will tell you now?
Or even better, it seems to me, is to interview your character and ask her these questions and see how she responds.
Now let’s look at nonfiction.
You don’t have characters to dialogue with, so what do you do? Easy, you personify different elements of your essay or different chapters of your book and get them talking.
If you’ve read Asking More of Love, you’ll know that I like to write my way deep into the human psyche. I go down to the bottom of the human operating system, which is treacherous territory.
This is really serious work, so where does play come into it? For me dialoguing with my writing, even if it’s a serious conversation is a playful process, and I’ve found it helpful time and time again.
Here’s one example of the kind of dialogues I have with myself…
Passage: Oy, I’m tired of this. We’re on our fifth draft and it’s not working. And you want to know why?
Rich: Yeh, sure, maybe, I think I do, but I’m not going to like hearing it am I?
Passage: Of course you’ll like it because I’m about to give you the answer you need.
Rich: Okay, go for it.
Passage: You’re doing that thing you do. You’re holding yourself in check. Here you are writing about the death of hope and it’s freaky and scary and you want to protect your readers. You want to make it easy for them to deal with the death of hope.
Rich: OMG, you’re right I am doing that again. This is so frustrating.
Passage: You’ve read all those books about fiction writing that say you can’t go easy on your hero. You have to be a bit of a sadist, you have to make them hurt. Especially as you take them through the middle of the story, the second act, you have to make things worse and then worse and then worse still.
Rich: But I can’t do that to my readers. I can’t be sadistic toward them.
Passage: Wait, let me make myself clear, because I’m not saying that you should hurt your readers. Not at all. But your readers are going to have to hurt.
Rich: Well, I guess I know that’s true. I certainly hurt going down to the bottom of the human OS.
Passage: And you found blessings there and now you’re on a mission to upgrade love, and I know you, and I know you wouldn’t trade that for the world.
Rich: No, I wouldn’t.
Passage: So don’t cheat your readers.
Rich: Cheat them?!
Passage: If you don’t take them down to the bottom of the human psyche and the human OS, you can’t give them the blessings you found and that you want to give them. Of course they’re going to hurt, but you are not hurting them. Reality is hurting them.
You’re helping them take care of themselves in the midst of their hurting. And you keep forgetting this.
Rich: You’re right. I so wish this upgrading of human love and human togetherness were so much easier than it is.
Passage: I get that, but what matters most to you?
Rich: Nurturance.
Passage: So don’t withhold that from your readers. You have to tell the truth as you know it. And then help them deal with that truth.
Rich: Okay, so I’m going to go back to the start and rework you.
Passage: Thank you. Sticking with your truth is how you attract your readers. If you hedge on your truth, you get somebody else’s readers.
Rich: I want my readers. I really do. Thank you!
Passage: And thank you for listening to me. I’m going to feel a lot better tonight when you’ve finished the rewrite.
Partner with inner guides who love you.
You know what the inner critic is. It’s that inner voice that hammers you and tells you how wrong you are and shuts you down.
Inner guides are very much the opposite…
They are imaginary friends who know you deeply.
And…
They love you deeply.
And because they understand you so well…
They have deep compassion for you and what you’ve been through in your life.
So they can team up to make your inner critic shut up.
Inner guides are allies and advocates. They can help guide you in making your decisions, little ones and big ones.
They feel like they are independent characters with a life of their own, but they are really you, taking yourself deeper into yourself.
And they can help you with your writing. In fact, some writers have an inner guide or two dedicated entirely to their writing.
And you can develop and deepen your relationship with them through dialoguing. Let me give you an example from my own life.
Here’s the kind of conversation I’ve had with one of my guides…
Guide: Rich, do you know that you have a habit of over-explaining.
Rich: Oh, I know.
Guide: Where does that come from?
Rich: I want people to like me so I do as much for them as I possibly can.
Guide: Hmmm.
Rich: Hmmm, what? You think that’s a mistake?
Guide: What do you think?
Rich: I know that’s a mistake.
Guide: Why do you say that?
Rich: Because when I think about the writers I like to read, they’re not the ones who over-explain.
Guide: Tell me more.
Rich: Okay. Do you know what jump cuts are?
Guide: A quick cut from one scene of a movie to the next scene without any transition at all.
Rich: Yes, and they make the movie more lively. The screenwriter is making the audience do some work, so they make the transition on their own, and audiences like that. I like that.
Guide: So…
Rich: I have this habit of doing something I actually don’t like.
Guide: Tell me about a piece of your writing where you didn’t over-explain.
Rich: Easy, it’s a chapter I wrote called “Too Much Hurting.” I was in a reverie mood when I wrote it. I jumped from one thing to another. But there was an undercurrent of resonance between all the parts of that chapter. I didn’t explain how they were all related, I let my readers feel it for themselves.
Guide: And it made you happy to do that reverie writing?
Rich: Very happy. It was more play than work. And this next book of mine, that’s how I want to write the whole thing.
Guide: What about your readers? You’re making them work harder, aren’t you?
Rich: Yes, but no. Readers don’t want to be babied. They want you to give them a hell of a good ride, but they don’t want to be passive consumers. They want to be actively engaged. They want to have their own feelings about what I’m writing. They want to be making discoveries, not have everything handed to them.
Guide: And if you over-explain.
Rich: Then I’m stealing from them. I’m taking away part of the fun.
Guide: And?
Rich: I don’t like that. More, I don’t agree with it. Actually this a moral stand for me.
Guide: Moral!?
Rich: Yes, I want to give people the best I can give them. And that means not taking away their agency by babying them when they don’t need to be babied.
But see, I’ve got a problem. What I write about is unconventional, so it takes some explaining to make it clear what I’m saying. If I’m not clear, then my readers can’t get the benefit of the blessings I’m offering. And sometimes I have a hard time finding that line between.
Guide: So how can I help you?
Rich: Remind me to work over each passage with you. And we’ll focus on the questions, “Am I doing too much for my readers? Am I engaging them actively or am I overdoing the caretaking?”
Guide: I can do that. I’d love to do that with you. And how else can I help you?
Rich: Remind me to play when I’m writing. Remind me when I get up in the morning and go to my computer to get myself in a play state first, then start writing.
Guide: You’ve got it.
This guide feels like an inner therapist. Getting me to do my own work. And I’m thankful for that.
By the way, my guides all have personal names and vivid personalities. They are not generic. But I’m keeping their names to myself, and I recommend you do the same.
Now let me show you another example of a guide. This one is more like a consultant who freely gives me answers, and I appreciate this, especially when I tired and don’t want to have to work out everything on my own.
Guide: Truth is, Rich, you’re not a nice guy.
Rich: Why are you bringing that up?
Guide: Because you grew up having to pretend to be a nice guy. Always thinking about others. Compulsively about helping people. But really, behind that “selfless” persona was serious selfishness. You were desperate for approval. That’s what it was really all about.
Rich: Yes, I know that, so again, why are you bringing it up? I know that old story all too well and it makes me angry.
Guide: There it is, that anger, that’s why I’m bringing it up.
Rich: Explain.
Guide: You have a deep sense of rage about your childhood.
Rich: Oh god, yes, that’s true.
Guide: And it’s great that you know it, but you keep trying to slide away from it.
Rich: An example?
Guide: You write about upgrading love, which is challenging stuff yet upbeat. But you also write about the death of hope. And the truth is you also feel rage about that, about how evolution, how the universe, has set us up for destruction. Which is what we’re dealing with now as we face extinction.
Rich: And?
Guide: Rage is something that’s true about you. And not just true, but essential. It’s something that’s deep in your heart.
Rich: In my heart!? I’ve never thought of it like that before. I think I know what you’re driving at. I talk up the love stuff and soft sell the rage stuff.
Guide: Yes, why do you do that?
Rich: Oh I guess I’m still trying to take care of my readers. Like maybe I can make it okay, make it easier to deal with the death of hope.
Guide: Can you really do that?
Rich: No. I can’t even do that for myself.
Guide: Tell me about your readers.
Rich: There aren’t many of them.
Guide: And what are they like.
Rich: They’re gutsy. They want the truth. They don’t want one of those happy-talk, easy-step, how-to programs that America is obsessed with. And they especially don’t want that from me.
Guide: So, rage.
Rich: I notice that I keep pulling back from it. I don’t want to take my readers there. It’s so hard. It’s painful, really painful.
Guide: Here’s what I’m thinking. The rage is true. It’s true for you personally. But it’s true about reality, too. This world is enraging. You and your readers want us humans to be so much better than we are. It makes you angry, really angry that, as you say, being human is too hard for human beings.
And that humans are so hard on other humans. And this is a world of mass exploitation and mass suffering. And how can you make peace with that?
Rich: I can’t. I won’t. But what do I do with my rage.
Guide: See if this works for you. Own it, make it visible, go deep into it, take your readers with you.
But then push through it. Get to the sorrow that’s underneath it. Rage is not the end of your journey. Nor is the sorrow underneath. Because again, as you say, when you are down there in your deepest sorrow, that’s when you have the deepest compassion for yourself and for everyone.
And it’s that deepest compassion that makes you fight for yourself. And for all us humans. By upgrading love. And make that your response to the death of hope, and the rage that goes with that death.
Imagine yourself as an alchemist turning rage into sorrow then into fight then into a special kind of love.
And, hey, this fits with your motto: “Feel for yourself, fight for yourself.”
Rich: You’re right, you’re so right. And truth is, even though I’ve lived with the death of hope for decades and with my rage since I was a child, those are still hard for me to be with. I’m doing way better than ever before. But they’re still hard.
Guide: Of course they are. Especially to be with them by yourself. So call on me. Use me. I want to be of use. I live for that.
Rich: Thank you and I hear you and I promise I will call on you.
Get feedback that nurtures you instead of tearing you down.
If you’re a writer, I’m guessing you’ve heard stories like this…
Ellen’s in an MFA writing program. This week at the end of class she hands out copies of her new story to her classmates. Next week these fellow students critique her story. No one has taught them how to do supportive, thoughtful criticism, so they have at it. They hammer Ellen with comments that have hard edges. And some of the comments are contradictory. And each of the critics is so confident and sure about their criticism. Even arrogant.
So Ellen leaves that class feeling torn up. She loves writing so much and wants to get good at it, but being in this program is hurting her, dragging her down, instead of bringing out the best in her.
There are some writers, in fact, who get so hurt by uncaring criticism that they quit writing altogether.
Sara, a friend of mine who was writing a memoir filled with the most amazing stories, told me she needed to get feedback but she didn’t want “attack” criticism. Her writing revealed so much about her inner life that she felt vulnerable.
So I suggested we do a Response Group. And here’s how that worked…
We each looked through our list of contacts and together picked seven women who we thought were right in the heart of her target market.
We invited them to join us for two hours on a Sunday afternoon in the community room at the local library.
I arranged them in a semicircle. Sara sat down in front of them and read a story for about ten minutes.
Then she went to the back of the room and I took her place.
I asked for responses. Not opinions, not judgments, not criticism, but responses.
I asked them to tell us the truth. Positive negative and everything in between. And I said it was okay for them to have contradictory responses, to like something and not like it at the same time.
And when each person responded, I asked deepening questions.
Then after about fifteen minutes, Sara came back and read another story.
And so it went for the two hours.
What was the result?
Six of the seven women had tears in their eyes at some point either during the reading or the responses.
They were very responsive. They were eager to be asked the deepening questions. They were surprised at how much they had to say and how rich their responses were.
At the end, they stayed around. No one was in a rush to leave. They wanted to talk some more. They went out of their way to thank us for inviting them. There was a sweetness in the air.
Sara, who had thought she was going to need a bunch of these groups, told me that this one was enough. She could tell she was on the right track and she was fired up and ready to bet back to work in the morning.
What was the magic?
Sara heard heartfelt I-statements instead of hard-edged you-statements.
Instead of asking these seven women to step back and issue opinions from a safe distance, we asked them to go deeper into their feelings, which made their responses more personal, and even intimate. They matched Sara’s vulnerability with their own.
They seemed so happy that we were asking them to respond rather than pose as a critic. Not only was this strategy nurturing for Sara, but it was nurturing for the respondents.
Sara got very positive feedback. But what if you put together a Response Group and the feedback you get is lackluster and disappointing?
At least you’re going to get I-statements. And you have a facilitator, a friend, with you who can ask questions that will help you get the feedback you need to move your writing forward. And that’s a positive.
And if you’re careful to pick people with good hearts, and you put them in a nurturing mood, when they have something negative to say, they will do their best to say it in a helpful way. They will want to be your advocate.
And having a friend with you means that you have someone to debrief with after the group is over, someone to help you deal with the disappointment in a constructive way.
And here’s the thing…
Are you writing for the critics?
Or…
Are you writing for your readers?
Your readers.
The people you’re holding in your heart as you write.
I think of a Response Group as a form of primal play.
And you can play with getting responses in a range of different ways…
You can do a one-on-one Response Interview with a beta reader.
You can sit in the room with a reader as she is reading, and get her response immediately when she’s done. And then maybe interview her again a week later to see if her response changes at all.
You can read your story or essay aloud and feel the presence of your listener or lack of presence as you read.
You can ask a friend who’s really good at listening and drawing people out to interview your beta readers for you and give you the feedback. You might have the friend video the interviews so you can hear all the comments.
You can do a Response Group on Zoom, where you disappear from the screen during the question period.
The two key elements to getting this nurturing kind of feedback are…
Your ask.
You get very clear about what you’re asking for—responses. Not judgments or criticism or opinions. You explain what this matters. How responses go deeper and are much more helpful.And if you don’t get a positive reaction to your request, you don’t have to follow through with getting feedback from that person.
Your deepening questions.
The questions you ask matter. Most people need help going deeper into their responses. And you can use your questions to help steer people away from criticism if they start drifting in that direction.
What do I mean by deepening questions that elicit responses rather than criticism?
Instead of asking…
“What’s wrong with the main character? How has the author failed to make her come alive? What basic rules of narrative writing has she failed to observe?”
You can ask…
“What was your response to the main character? When did you feel close to her, when did you feel far away? If you could talk to her and ask her for one thing, what would you ask her for?
How does she remind you of yourself at some point in your life? How is she fundamentally different from you?
If this character became a real person in real life, would you like to meet her? Hang out with her? Become her friend? Or would you give her a pass?
There are dozens more response-oriented questions you could ask. And you want to shape your questions around the particular story or book chapter you want feedback on. So if you’re working with a facilitator, make sure he develops his basic list of questions with you.
Add this all up and it means that you’re not…
Passively consuming criticism.
Instead, you’re…
Proactively pursuing the nurturing kind of feedback you really need.
What I’ve noticed is that when you ask people for their responses, that seems to put them in…
A mood of advocacy.
If you ask them for criticism, that seems to switch people into…
An adversarial mood.
If you decide you’re at the point where you need professional criticism, you can hire a professional critic, but one who knows how to deliver criticism in a thoughtful, useful, nurturing way. Instead of listening to people play at being critics, get the real thing.
Let primal play take you into flow.
Flow is not something you make happen through willpower. It’s something that emerges from going deeper in…
Into your story or your nonfiction work.
Into your relationship with your writing.
And most importantly…
Into yourself.
The deeper you go into your generative source, the more likely flow will show up in your writing life.
By generative source, I mean…
What’s deepest in your heart.
What matters most to you.
I’m talking about your…
Moral core.
Which means how you want people to treat each other, how you want to treat other people, how you want other people to treat you.
Which shapes your world view. And the heart of your writing.
At least this is how I see it. And that’s because what I’ve spent my writing life working on is a message that goes deep.
Which doesn’t mean I’m not a fan of lighter writing. I’m really glad that there are so many books of stories written purely for entertainment. There are days when I really need those, when I escape into them because I need to get away from my very serious work.
And I’m thankful for how-tos that deal with some of the easier problems of life in an effective and efficient way without having to ask any profound questions about the human operating system.
But if you want to write stories or screenplays or essays or blog posts or articles that touch down into the deepest places in the human psyche, then you need…
Personal depth.
If you write from the shallows, your readers will not find depth in your writing, and if that’s what they’re looking for they will move on.
Robert Frost said…
“No tears in the writer, no tears in the reader. No surprise in the writer, no surprise in the reader.”
And the same thing is true for depth.
Stories and messages emerge from our lives, from who we are. And maybe they’re at their best when they…
Emerge from who we’re becoming.
I’m a big fan of the “Muse.” If you’ve got one, hooray. But it’s not like your Muse has your books stored up inside and all you need to do is pop the cork and they will come flowing out.
We’re developmental beings and writing is a developmental thing. If we practice, it develops and gets better.
But it matters what kind of practice we do. I’ve heard bunches of famous authors and writing teachers say…
The only way to get better at writing is to write, write, write, write, write.
This sounds like good advice, but it’s not, because it’s missing something really important.
You can write dozens of pages a day but not make progress. If you are doing the same thing in your writing day after day that’s not progress, that’s a…
Repetition compulsion.
The best experts on developing skill recommend what they call…
Deliberate practice.
Which means you are following a plan. One that challenges you so you’re moving forward day by day. You’re being smart and strategic. You’re consciously, proactively building on your strengths and working on your weaknesses.
Personally I like to call this…
Strategic practice.
Whatever you choose to call it, it’s much harder than running in place in the hamster wheel of repetition. But…
It’s infinitely more rewarding.
Because repetition will drag you down and drown your spirit in its futility.
While being smart and strategic will bring you pleasure, little bits at first, then as you get better at it, more and more, until you come to love it. Because hard work can be nurturing instead of debilitating
And what happens when you commit to developing your writing? You become more and more masterful. And when you get far enough into mastery…
You achieve flow.
And then you are immersed in your writing, in your story or your message. You’re writing from the inside rather than from the outside.
And when you are in the flow state, you’re in the Goldilocks zone. What does that mean?
When you don’t have enough challenge in your writing, it goes to sleep on you.
When you have too much challenge in your writing, it paralyzes you.
Finding flow means you are finding your way into the zone which for you is not too little and not too much but…
Just right.
Where you can…
Just write.
And not have to struggle.
This doesn’t mean writing won’t entail serious work. But it will be infused with serious play.
Because…
Flow is play.
Go after all the blessings primal play can bring to your writing.
How much does your writing matter to you?
If it’s your art, if you spend hours and hours doing it, if it’s an important part of your identity, then I urge you to indulge yourself and be…
Ambitious.
And let primal play give you everything it has to give.
Dissolve blocks, prevent blocks
I’ve suffered plenty from writing blocks. So I studied the books about blocks intensively. But the more I studied them, the more I seemed to get tangled up in them. Finally, I tried a different strategy…
I decided to focus on getting to flow instead of on my blocks.
This is in accord with the theory that what you feed grows. Giving all my attention to my blocks kept me trapped. By focusing on flow, I discovered some things that have made all the difference for me.
I discovered that sometimes when I was blocked, it wasn’t really a block. It was just that I hadn’t done enough preparation and development. I didn’t know my issue well enough. I was too distant. It was too much of a stranger with it.
So the block was not some mystical thing. I didn’t need to go to the psych books to figure it out. I just needed to slow down and get deeper in with what I was writing about. Get intimate with it.
I discovered that when I wrote a story about a lived experience, something I had experienced deeply, it was usually easy to get into a flow state where there were no blocks.
And I discovered something important about how creative work happens. At least how it happens for me.
There was one chapter in my first book that I kept hammering away at but it kept defeating me. I filled it up with words, writing and rewriting. Yet I was missing the heart of the thing.
One day I got so mad I went on strike. And during the next week, I noticed that my subconscious was still cooking the chapter. It was working away happily on its own schedule. It didn’t care about results. It was just having a good time playing with the chapter.
And it took time, and I was impatient, but I did finally get to trusting the process and some weeks later, my subconscious presented me with the answer. First to the chapter, and then that chapter became the key to the rest of the book.
I also discovered that sometimes, I wasn’t ready to write a chapter, not because of the chapter, but because of me…
I needed to grow into the chapter.
It’s happened many times that I write something that’s ahead of where I am, and then I need to do serious personal work to catch up with what I wrote, and then when I do I can finish it in a way that makes it more mature and substantial.
In general, I discovered that when I was blocked, block-busting techniques might sometimes come in handy, but mostly not. Mostly what I needed was a better relationship with writing and with the deeper processes that underlie all creative endeavors.
And I discovered that by focusing on flow first, and blocks only secondarily, that instead of solving blocks, I was actually…
Dissolving them.
And there are blocks I never had to struggle with because I never even got to know them because they never showed up because flow…
Prevented those blocks entirely.
Ideas
I’ve been to hundreds of readings by published authors, and it seems like someone in the audience, probably an aspiring writer, always asks: “Where do you get your ideas?”
When you go deeper in, you might find that getting ideas is not a problem anymore. Because when you get down to your generative source, it really is generative.
Down there you find desires and longings and urgencies that might very well give you a steady stream of ideas. And the better you get to know your generative source, the more true this will be, until one day you might find you have an abundance of ideas, maybe more than you can keep up with. An embarrassment of riches.
Fight bio
In my Asking book I recommend that you collect your fight bio stories. (You can find examples here.)
This means the stories of moments in your life when you were able to…
Feel for yourself and fight for yourself.
And what you believe in.
This is my favorite generative source for my writing. Sometimes the stories directly influence what I’m working on, but more often indirectly. Or I could say, they work in a deeper way. I don’t mention one word of the story itself, but the power of that moment in my life is infused all through a chapter I’m writing giving it a special kind of resonance.
If you decide to collect your fight stories, you’ll likely find that some of them are obvious and easy to get to.
But we live in a suppressive society where a lot of our fight remains hidden, especially in childhood. And so we need to explore our past, looking past the surface of events to see if there is fight hidden in there. Sometimes I find it helpful to get myself in a liminal state and then walk back through memories to see if I catch tendrils or glimmers or inklings of fight.
This is much like waking from a dream but you don’t let yourself become totally awake. You stay half in dream and half in consciousness as long as you can to bring the dream into your memory.
And here’s something I notice…
The older I get the more present my childhood becomes.
And the more I discover in going back into it. And the more it becomes a generative source for my writing.
I think the reason for this is simple. Over the years I’ve developed myself emotionally, psychologically, and morally, so I now have a greater ability to see into the past, and a greater ability to handle the pain that comes with seeing into that past.
Turn types into toys
If you want to learn more about yourself and what kind of person you are there are lots of options. Like typologies, which will put you in one of 2, 4, 9, or 16 boxes.
I like studying these typologies, but I don’t want to put myself in a box. So what I do is take the primal-play approach. I turn those typologies into toys and play with them to make discoveries and do self-development on my own terms.
Let’s look at three examples (out of many possibilities) of systems that purport to tell you who you are and what you need to do.
1. Enneagram
This is one of my favorites. I have a lot of fun with it. The Enneagram says that you are one of nine basic personalities, and if you type yourself accurately you can be smarter about your life decisions and your relationships.
I’m definitely a Four. But there are a bunch of elements of the Four type that I don’t see in myself. And there are elements of each of the other types that I do find in myself. So I don’t think of myself as a Four, period. Instead, I say that I have a lot of Four in me, but that’s just the jumping off point…
I never let a type make any decision for me.
I play with the types…
To provoke my own thinking about myself.
Now here’s what’s really cool. Each of the nine types has nine subtypes, for a total of 81 subtypes. (Personality Types by Riso and Hudson is a good introduction to these.)
So what you’re getting is detailed descriptions of many dimensions and incarnations of the human psyche.
How does this help with writing? I’ve seen a couple writing teachers argue that you should make each of your characters a type. Which I think is way too restricting. And where’s the room for your creativity then?
Instead, if you’re having trouble developing a character for a story you want to write. You could make her a mix of three, four, or five subtypes. Actually I mean, start from there, with those subtypes as the foundation. Then use your imagination to enhance her and complete her.
Given 81 subtypes, the combinations you can come up with are astronomical, giving you a better chance to come up with a character who’s fresh and unexpected. Which is hard to do given the hundreds of thousands of stories that have been created throughout human history, and which are being turned out now in the story factories of film and TV.
2. Tarot
Tarot is another favorite of mine. You’ve got a deck of 78 cards each representing dimensions of the human psyche. And there are myriad ways to lay out those cards in readings.
In a standard reading, you come with a question about a decision you need to make, a relationship, or your future, and the Tarot gives you answers.
But again, I don’t let any typology or system make my decisions for me. So using the primal-play approach, I do Reverse Tarot. I use the cards to provoke questions, then I work out the answers myself.
Like the Enneagram, the Tarot is a very rich system. Lots to play with.
3. Pantser vs. plotter vs. something better
This is an example of an either-or typology. You’re either…
A pantser.
Which means you write by the seat of your pants, with no planning or strategizing.
Or you’re…
A plotter.
Which means you outline first and then write according to your outline. You are guided by structure instead of spontaneity.
This is a clever distinction, but I don’t recommend it. If primal play were a person, I imagine she’d say…
Why the forced choice? Why not use the best of both? Why not make spontaneity and strategy work together in partnership? And really, why not use every writing power you can get your hands on?
When I watch videos by self-proclaimed pantsers advocating for pantsing, I often notice that they have a deep intuitive sense of structure, so are they really just pantsers?
And many of the plotters, though they start with structure, are not rigid about it. They admit to getting surprised as they write and revising their outline, sometimes in significant ways.
If the choice is you are either a pantser or a plotter, then it seems to be either way you’re only half a writer. I like integrating the two and then transcending even that integration and making my own true relationship with my writing.
I believe in using my creative powers, not just to get to the result of words on the page, but to develop a writing process that works for me. And to keep developing it.
Subtext
The books and articles I’ve read about subtext focus mostly on dialogue, especially in screenwriting. And the gist of the advice is don’t write dialogue that’s “on the nose.” Meaning where people say exactly and accurately what they mean.
The argument is that most people are only partly conscious of that they’re thinking and feeling, so when they’re in a conversation there’s a lot of indirect stuff happening. Or people are actively trying to hide what they’re really thinking from the other person, so they speak indirectly.
And there’s a lot to be said for the power of indirection. But there’s more to subtext than that.
Flannery O’Connor, when asked about the theme of one of her stories, replied that the theme of the story is every single word of the story. (Check out her chapter “Writing Short Stories” in her book Mystery and Manners.)
If you’re a writer, you’re dealing with text. But then one of the things that’s so great and thrilling and wonderful about writing is…
You can use words to say more than words can say.
And that’s how I like to define subtext.
Personally, my favorite writing is when the author infuses the richness of her subconscious into her work. I love layers of meaning which match the complexity of real humans.
So a way to deepen your relationship with your writing is to deepen your relationship with your subconscious, not harnessing it, but inviting it, coaxing it, calling on it to come dance with you through your writing days.
Voice
The question of voice is one of the most elusive topics. Every time I see something about voice, a book, an article, a video, I go through it carefully. But I’ve come to believe that that trying to find a prosaic definition of voice is not really all that helpful.
So instead I recommend playing with voice. Lots of fiction writers do this. They need different voices for different characters. They need a voice for their narrator. And each story they tell night need a very different set of voices. So they play and experiment until they find what they need.
Nonfiction writers also need different voices for different projects—serious, funny, ironic, vulnerable, etc.
But lots of the advice I’ve seen is about finding your core voice…
The one voice that is more you than any other.
And this is worth discovering, too.
But I think it’s not helpful to try to invent this voice as an intellectual project. Because your core voice is you.
So what I recommend about this voice is that instead of focusing on it directly trying to control it and manage it, you focus on playing your way deeper into yourself, and let this core voice…
Emerge naturally.
Because then it will have far more power and bring more richness to your writing than any invented voice can.
Jealousy vs. contentment
What does it mean when you’re jealous of another writer? I mean really jealous.
I think it means there’s something missing from your relationship with your writing. And what I’ve noticed, at least for myself, is the more I play my way deeper into this relationship the less jealous I am.
And now in my old age flashes of jealousy are rare. Because I’ve developed the relationship with my writing that’s right for me. So I’m content. I like being the writer I am. Not that I’m not still working on improvements and playing with possibilities.
Would I like more readers like lots of other writers have? Yes. Do I want to be a different writer? No
Take the loneliness out of your writing.
Loneliness is an occupational hazards of the writing life.
But primal play can counter this…
When you dialogue with your characters or personifications of your nonfiction passages, you’ve got company, really good company.
When you have intense conversations with your inner guides, even when they are quietly present with you as you write, you’ve got company, really good company.
When you get feedback as responses from people with good hearts who are on your side, you’ve got company, really good company.
When you find just the right person to interview you in-depth, you’ve got company, really good company.
When you go deeper into yourself, you’ve got you for company.
And the more experience you have engaging with good company, the better prepared you’ll be to choose a writing partner who’s really right for you—someone who will be your advocate and your champion while also telling you the truth.
Invitation to coaching.
If you like primal play, and if this page is enough to get you started with it, then hooray.
But if you want some help with it to make it really your own, let me know in the contact form below. Then we can talk and see if I’m a match for what you need or not.
I don’t focus on craft, because there are so many resources for that. My coaching is designed to help writers use primal play to deepen and develop their relationship with their writing.
The details…
I do coaching by phone.
I charge $100 an hour.
I recommend that you start with an hour a week or an hour every other week.
As long as this page is, there’s so much more to primal play. You get to keep growing into it and making new discoveries, which means it will sustain you over the long term.
If you want of know more about who I am as a coach, you can find that here.
Best wishes,
Rich
PS: In my book Asking More of Love, you can find more about primal-play therapy and about inner guides.